Налкром

Показания

Налкром – это противоаллергическое лекарство. Его активный компонент стабилизирует оболочки тучных клеток, препятствуя высвобождению из них веществ, отвечающих за аллергическую реакцию (гистамина, лейкотриенов, других биологически активных веществ). Предполагается, что задержка высвобождения этих веществ происходит из-за блокирования проникновения кальция в клетки. Также установлено, что кислота кромоглициевая подавляет перемещение иммунных клеток (нейтрофилов, моноцитов, эозинофилов) к месту воздействия аллергена.

Налкром назначается при пищевой аллергии (при доказанном наличии пищевого аллергена) раздельно или же в сочетании с ограничительной диетой. Также Налкром показан при неспецифическом язвенном воспалении толстой кишки (колите), прямой кишки (проктите), их сочетании (колопроктите) – как вспомогательное средство при лечении глюкокортикоидами или сульфасалазином.

Налкром назначают при мастоцитозе (пигментной крапивнице).

Nalcrom interactions

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Acetaminophen is metabolized (eliminated by conversion to other chemicals) by the liver. Therefore drugs that increase the action of liver enzymes that metabolize acetaminophen reduce the levels of acetaminophen and may decrease the action of acetaminophen. Doses of acetaminophen greater than the recommended doses are toxic to the liver and may result in severe liver damage. The potential for acetaminophen to harm the liver is increased when it is combined with alcohol or drugs that also harm the liver.

Cholestyramine (Questran) reduces the effect of acetaminophen by decreasing its absorption into the body from the intestine. Therefore, acetaminophen should be administered 3 to 4 hours after cholestyramine or one hour before cholestyramine.

Acetaminophen doses greater than 2275 mg per day may increase the blood thinning effect of warfarin (Coumadin) by an unknown mechanism. Therefore, prolonged administration or large doses of acetaminophen should be avoided during warfarin therapy

Фармакологические свойства

Фармакодинамика

Налкром – противоаллергический препарат. Его активное вещество – кромоглициевая кислота, обладает мембраностабилизирующим действием, которое препятствует дегрануляции тучных клеток и выделению из них биологически активных веществ, включая гистамин, брадикинин и лейкотриены. Механизм действия препарата направлен на предупреждение развития симптомов аллергических реакций немедленного типа, но не устраняет их.

При лечении мастоцитоза, облегчение таких симптомов со стороны желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ) как диарея и боль в животе или зуда и крапивницы со стороны кожного покрова, наблюдается после 2–6 недель терапии и сохраняется в течение 2–3 недель.

Фармакокинетика

После приема внутрь из ЖКТ всасывается менее 1% дозы кромогликата натрия.

Связывание с белками плазмы происходит примерно на уровне 65%. Вещество не подвергается метаболизму.

Учитывая физико-химические свойства кромогликата натрия, маловероятно поступление препарата в материнское молоко.

Плазменный клиренс составляет примерно 7,9 мл/мин/кг, поэтому кумуляции вещества не происходит.

Выделяется кромогликат натрия в неизмененном виде в равных долях через кишечник и почки.

How should I use Nalcrom?

Use exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label.

This medicine is usually given as 1 spray into each nostril every 4 to 6 hours during allergy season or within 1 week before you will be exposed to an allergen. Follow your doctor’s instructions.

Do not use cromolyn sodium nasal more than 6 times in a 24-hour period. Do not use this medication for longer than 12 weeks unless your doctor has told you to.

To use the nasal spray:

• Blow your nose gently before each use.

• Keeping your head upright, insert just the tip of the spray bottle into your nostril. Hold your other nostril closed with one finger. Spray the medicine into the nostril while inhaling, then sniff deeply a few times to make sure the medicine gets up into your nasal passages.

• Repeat these steps in your other nostril.

• After using the nasal spray, rinse the tip with hot water or wipe it with a clean tissue and recap. Avoid getting water into the nasal spray tip.

It may take up to 2 weeks before your symptoms improve. Keep using the medication as directed and tell your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 2 weeks of treatment.

Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep the bottle capped when not in use.

Nalcrom side effects

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Applies to cromolyn: inhalation aerosol liquid, inhalation aerosol powder, inhalation capsule, inhalation solution

Other dosage forms:

oral capsule, oral solution

In addition to its needed effects, some unwanted effects may be caused by cromolyn (the active ingredient contained in Nalcrom). In the event that any of these side effects do occur, they may require medical attention.

Severity: Moderate

If any of the following side effects occur while taking cromolyn, check with your doctor or nurse as soon as possible:

Rare

• Difficulty in swallowing
• hives
• increased wheezing or difficulty in breathing
• itching of skin
• low blood pressure
• shortness of breath
• swelling of face, lips, or eyelids
• tightness in chest

Minor Side Effects

Some of the side effects that can occur with cromolyn may not need medical attention. As your body adjusts to the medicine during treatment these side effects may go away. Your health care professional may also be able to tell you about ways to reduce or prevent some of these side effects. If any of the following side effects continue, are bothersome or if you have any questions about them, check with your health care professional:

More common:

• Coughing
• nausea
• throat irritation or dryness

If you are using the cromolyn inhalation aerosol, you may notice an unpleasant taste. This may be expected and will go away when you stop using the medicine.

Nalcrom dosage

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: NOT FOR INHALATION OR INJECTION. SEE DIRECTIONS FOR USE.

The usual starting dose is as follows:

Adults and Adolescents (13 Years and Older): Two ampules four times daily, taken one-half hour before meals and at bedtime.

Children 2-12 Years: One ampule four times daily, taken one-half hour before meals and at bedtime.

Pediatric Patients Under 2 Years: Not recommended.

If satisfactory control of symptoms is not achieved within two to three weeks, the dosage may be increased but should not exceed 40 mg/kg/day.

Patients should be advised that the effect of Nalcrom therapy is dependent upon its administration at regular intervals, as directed.

Maintenance Dose: Once a therapeutic response has been achieved, the dose may be reduced to the minimum required to maintain the patient with a lower degree of symptomatology. To prevent relapses, the dosage should be maintained.

Administration: Nalcrom should be administered as a solution at least 1/2 hour before meals and at bedtime after preparation according to the following directions:

1. Break open ampule(s) and squeeze liquid contents of ampule(s) into a glass of water.
2. Stir solution.
3. Drink all of the liquid.

Противопоказания

Налкром нельзя назначать при аллергии на кромоглициевую кислоту, непереносимости вспомогательных компонентов. Препарат Налкром не назначают недоношенным детям

C осторожностью данное лекарство применяют при нарушении работы почек или печени

Применение при беременности и кормлении грудью

Налкром противопоказан беременным в I триместре. Назначение во II, III триместрах возможно, когда необходимость лечения матери, по мнению врача, превосходит риск для ребенка.

Кромоглициевая кислота в незначительных количествах может выделяться с грудным молоком, поэтому кормление ребенка грудным молоком временно останавливают.

Uses of Nalcrom in details

There are specific as well as general uses of a drug or medicine. A medicine can be used to prevent a disease, treat a disease over a period or cure a disease. It can also be used to treat the particular symptom of the disease. The drug use depends on the form the patient takes it. It may be more useful in injection form or sometimes in tablet form. The drug can be used for a single troubling symptom or a life-threatening condition. While some medications can be stopped after few days, some drugs need to be continued for prolonged period to get the benefit from it.
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This medication is used to prevent allergic symptoms in the nose. It reduces stuffy/runny nose, mucus dripping into the back of the throat, itching, and sneezing caused by seasonal allergies (hay fever) and other allergens (e.g., dust mites, pet dander). This medication is not an antihistamine and does not provide immediate relief from allergic symptoms. It should be used before contact with the allergen.

Cromolyn is known as a mast cell stabilizer. It works by preventing the release of certain natural substances (histamine, SRS-A) made by the body that cause allergy symptoms.

Do not use this medication to treat sinus infection, asthma, or cold symptoms.

How to use Nalcrom nasal

Follow all directions on the product package, or use as directed by your doctor. If you are uncertain about any of the information, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Use 1 spray in each nostril, usually every 4 to 6 hours (3 to 4 times a day) or as directed by your doctor. Do not use more than 6 times a day. Use every day you are around allergens (e.g., during pollen season).

Gently blow your nose before using this drug. If nasal passages are blocked, a nasal decongestant may be used first to open the passages. Use your finger to close the nostril on the side not receiving the medication. While keeping your head upright, place the spray tip into the open nostril. Spray the medication into the open nostril as you breathe in through your nose. Sniff hard a few times to be sure the medication reaches deep into the nose. Repeat these steps for the other nostril.

Avoid spraying the medication into your eyes. Rinse the spray tip with hot water or wipe with a clean tissue after each use. Make sure that water does not get inside the container. Replace cap after each use.

This medication does not work right away. It must be used regularly to be most effective. It may take 1 to 2 weeks of regular use to get the full benefit. If your condition persists or worsens after 2 weeks, or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, stop using this medication and seek immediate medical attention. Talk with your doctor if you are still using this medication after 12 weeks.

Active ingredient matches for Nalcrom:

Cromoglicic Acid in Bahrain, Canada, Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Netherlands, New Zealand, Oman, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom.

Sodium cromoglicate in United Kingdom.

User reports

What is Nalcrom?

Cromolyn nasal solution is used to help prevent or treat the symptoms (sneezing, wheezing, runny nose, itching) of seasonal (short-term) or chronic (long-term) allergic rhinitis. Cromolyn powder for nasal inhalation is used to help prevent seasonal (short-term) allergic rhinitis.

This medicine works by acting on certain cells in the body, called mast cells, to prevent them from releasing substances that cause the allergic reaction.

When cromolyn is used to treat chronic (long-term) allergic rhinitis, an antihistamine and/or a nasal decongestant may be used with this medicine, especially during the first few weeks of treatment.

Nasal cromolyn is available without a prescription.

Налкром, инструкция по применению: способ и дозировка

Капсулы Налкром принимают внутрь примерно за 15 минут до еды, проглатывая целиком или в виде водного раствора.

Для приготовления водного раствора препарата содержимое капсул растворяют в 1 чайной ложке очень горячей воды, затем, полученную массу разбавляют в 4 чайных ложках холодной воды.

Рекомендованное дозирование:

• дети в возрасте от 2 до 14 лет: начальная доза – по 1 капсуле (100 мг) 4 раза в день. Максимальная суточная доза – не более 40 мг на 1 кг веса ребенка;
• взрослые: начальная доза – 2 капсулы (200 мг) 4 раза в день. Максимальная суточная доза – не более 40 мг на 1 кг веса пациента.

При лечении пациентов с пищевой аллергией предпочтительным считается прием препарата в виде водного раствора. В начале лечения у больного может наблюдаться усиление симптомов заболевания, поэтому следует применять начальную суточную дозу в размере не более 100 мг, увеличивая ее с интервалом 3–4 дня до достижения желаемого терапевтического эффекта.

У пациентов пожилого возраста коррекция дозы не требуется.

Форма выпуска и состав

Лекарственные формы:

• Капсулы с порошком для ингаляций: размер №2, желатиновые, состоящие из твердого прозрачного бесцветного корпуса и прозрачной желтой крышечки, с надписью «SODIUM CROMOGLYCATE 20 mg», внутри капсул – порошок белого или почти белого цвета однородной структуры (по 10 шт. в блистерах или в саше, в картонной пачке 1 блистер или 3 саше);
• Аэрозоль для ингаляций дозированный: после испарения в месте распыления остается порошок белого цвета (по 112 доз в алюминиевых аэрозольных баллонах, в картонной пачке 1 баллон).

В каждой пачке также содержится инструкция по применению Интала.

Активное вещество – кромогликат натрия:

• 1 капсула – 20 мг;
• 1 доза аэрозоля – 5 мг.

Вспомогательные компоненты:

• Капсулы: состав оболочки – желатин 100%;
• Спрей: макрогол (полиэтиленгликоль) 600, повидон К30, гидрофторалкан (HFA-227).

Nalcrom indications

An indication is a term used for the list of condition or symptom or illness for which the medicine is prescribed or used by the patient. For example, acetaminophen or paracetamol is used for fever by the patient, or the doctor prescribes it for a headache or body pains. Now fever, headache and body pains are the indications of paracetamol. A patient should be aware of the indications of medications used for common conditions because they can be taken over the counter in the pharmacy meaning without prescription by the Physician.
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Uses

Nalcrom (cromolyn sodium) Nasal Spray is used to prevent and relieve nasal symptoms of hay fever and other nasal allergies:

• runny/itchy nose
• sneezing
• allergic stuffy nose